Bridges - Data Link Layer: Adding a Few Networks Together.Repeaters - Physical Layer: Solutions to Extend a Network.Interconnecting Local Area Networks (LANs).Data Communication: Wide Area Networks 1985-1988.T-1 Multiplexer OEM Relationships - 1985.
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Taken on their own, these first-person accounts offer a rare insider’s perspective of the entrepreneur’s journey – creating innovation, establishing market fit, securing funding, rapid scaling, and adapting to meet future markets. At the time, the internetworking market was only a fraction of what it would become, but the origin stories of startups like Retix, Wellfleet and Cisco are early examples of the high stakes model of venture-backed successes and failures in what would become a global tech industry. The history culminates with two important 1988 tradeshows where vendors and government sponsored agencies touted the future of internetworking products. Included in these early ventures were American Data Systems, General DataComm, Vadic, and other startups founded to innovate modems, multiplexers, and other products in the emerging market of data communications.
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The questions this research attempts to answer include: This history follows the origins of computer networks, as the world moved from a telecommunication system based on analogue circuit connections, to a digital, globally distributed network of networks.
#6. how did the 1968 carterfone decision challenge at&t’s monopoly how to#
At that time, the notion that by the late 1980s the challenge would be how to interconnect millions of computers around the globe seemed as far-fetched as JCR Licklider’s “intergalactic computer network.” Yet even by today’s standards, the work of these early pioneers produced an unprecedented level of technological innovation and initiated a massive inflection point in the economic and social history of the globe. It is hard to imagine, but as recently as the 1960s, computer scientists were uncertain how best to interconnect even two computers.